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Emanuel Kunzlka >.

DKIONAMO



Traduzidos e explieados em portuguis, fvaneis e inglis




Emanuel Kunzika, natural da aldeia de
Kinto, Mukela do Zombo, fez todos os seus
estudos na Republica Democratica do eongo,
de 1938 a 1963, quando obtem o Certificado de
Estudos Polftieo-Soeiais do Instituto de
Estudos Polftieos da entao Leopoldville, hoje,
Kinsnasa. Estudou igualmente nos Estados
Unidos da America nas Universidades de
Nlova Iorque e Abraham Lmeoln da Filadelfia,
entre 1963-1968, tendo ai' obtido os
Certificados de Organizacao e Orientacao
Escolar e de Professor de Portugues e
Espanhol, respectivamente. Ainda no Congo,
frequentou, entre 1968 e 1971, a Eseola
Superior e de Desenvolvimento, tendo sido
graduado em eieneias Eeonomieas e
Desenvolvimento e em eieneias Polltieo-
-Administrativas e )urfdicas. Na Universidade
Naeional do Zaire (1970-1974), obteve um
Diploma em eieneias Polftico-Administra-
tivas, eom a apresentacao de uma Mono-
grafia intitulada A Formagao da Na$ao
Angolana e a Luta de liberta$ao.



Como investigador, em 1997, foi Presidente do
Centro de Estudos e de Desenvolvimento de
Angola CEDA. Este Didondno de Prove'rbios
Kikongo, traduzidos e explieados em portuguis,
frarces e ingles e o resultado de uma pesquisa
desenvolvida junto da eomunidade etnolin-
gufstiea kongo, a qual pertenee, eujo imagi-
nano filosofieo pretende ajudaT a divulgar.

Outras obras do autor:
Petifdo para Angola d i6. a Assernb!eia da ONU,
Nova Iorque, 1961

«Unidade Angolana», in Para a Independenda
de Angola - WAV, LeopoLdville (Kinshasa). 1963
Fonnadio da Naeao Angolana pela Luta de
Libeitafdo, Monogtafia, Universite Nationale
du Zaite, Kmsnasa, 1974
Didondno de Prove'rbios de Kikongo, Editorial
Nzila, 2008



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dicionArio
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KIKONGO



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EMANUEL KUNZIKA



dicionArio
de proverbios

KIKONGO

Traduzidos e explieados em portugu.es, frances e ingles



Prefario de Pinda Simao



EdKonal

Nzila



DieiewAnio de Prov£rbios Kikongo
Auton Emanuel Kunzika
Revisa"o lingufstiea: Vatumene Kukanda
Capa: Rui Ganido

@ Editoiial Nzila. Lda. 2008/EmanueI Kunzika
Todos os direitos reservados por Editoiial Nzita, Lda.

Nenhuma pane desta publieaeao pode ser reproduzida ou transmitida por qualquer forma ou por qualquer pmeesso.
eSectronico, meeanieo ou fotogranco, ineluindo fotoeopia, xerocopia ou gravacao, sem amoiizaeao previa e eseiita do
editor. Exeeptuam-se naturalmente a transcricao de pequenos textos ou passagens para apresentacao ou en'tiea do
iivro. Esta exeepeao nao deve de modo nennum ser interpretada eomo sendo extensiva a transmissao de textos em
recolhas antologieas ou similares donde resulte prejuizo para o interesse pela obra. Os transgressores sao passiveis de
procedimento judieial.

Editor: Arlindo Isabel
Grafica: EIGAL - Ponugal
Editoiial Nzila

@ Ediioiial Nzila, Lda, Luanda - 2008

Rua 9- A 1 2 Talatona Park. munidpio da Samba-Luanda

Caixa Postal n.° 3462, Luanda - Angola

Telefax; +244 222 370 665

E-mail: nzila@ebonet.net

Deposito Legal n.° 4355/2007

ISBN 978-989-631-053-0

Obra patrocinada pela Statoil-Hydro, Angola



Agradecimentos

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A todos os que me ajudaram graciosamente, faeultando-me os valiosos meios
de trabalho, sem os quais este dieionano estana ainda no estado de projecto, e aos
que me prodigaram valiosos conselhos para melhorar e corrigir o texto deste
dieionano, apresento, por este meio, do fundo do meu coracao, os meus agradeci-
mentos efusivos.

Alain Kunzika Dinis
Antonio Sofnmento Manuel

Sr. a Ana Mana Teixeira (Administration Officer-Hydro)
Rev. Aimando Madeira
Sr. Avelino Salomao Tomas
Dr. Domingos Petterson
Sr. a Dona Ludlia Kunzika
Sr. Francisco Tunga
Sr. a Graca Sadi Dinis
Sr. Joao eiaudio Juliao Kunzika
Rev. Joao Makondekwa
j Jose A. Femandes (Director Financeiro - Ensa).

Eng. Jose Kunzika (Usa)
Eng. Kiala Pierre

Dr. Lukoki Sebastiao Vice-Presidente para Africa - (Hydro)

Sr. Lukuikilu Manuel Sadi

Prof. Mafuta Paulo

Sr. Makonda Mbuta Daniel

Dr. Makonda Mbuta Jose

Sr. Maluvunu Emesto Kukiele

Dr. Manuel J. Gonealves Botelho (Assessor da Administracao-Ensa)

Dr. Pinda Simao Vice-Ministro para a Reforma Edueativa.

Dr. Nanizeye Kyandudi Andre

Sr. Ndombele Tadi Femando

Dr. Nsikalango Adolfo

Dr. Nsakala ya Nsakala PhD (Usa)

Major Passy Pedro.

Dr. Paulino Pinto Joao

Dr. Rui Guilherme Sadi Kunzika

Dr. Sadi Nsambu Beneao

Prof. Salakiaku Daniel

Eng. Sivi Medina

Sr. Viegas Afonso Wuta

Sr. Vuite Garcia

Sr. Zola Teofilo Kunzika



7



Luzayisu Lwa Ntete

Por Pinda Simao 1



Nkanda wau wa zi Ngana z'Afnea zina mu Kikongo, zi sekwele ye sasilwa mu
ndinga tatu: ki mputulukezo, ki falansa ye mu kingelezo; muna ndinga zozo vena
ye ndinga zole zina mu buka kya ndinga zina zilutidi vovwa mu nza mvimba;
idiau, e nkanda wau uvaikidi mu ntangu a mbote yina vo ay' azeye kimvwama
kya lusansu lwa Afnea bena ye mbebe ya kayana ye sadila ku mosi e ngangu zau
muna nsi yazungidi mpasi asadisa wantu a nza-ntoto wau, muna tuzingilanga,
mu kuna yovo yandanez'e ngwizani, konda kwa bakazyananga makasi, kansi
zola wokes'e kimpangi, imambu mama mena mfunu wa nene oma tulutidi toma
zola yeto awonso, mu kwenda kuntwala.

Leopold Sedar Senghor watubambula moyo muna masonoko mandi, vo mu
Afrika mwa moneka ntete muntu se mvu 2.500.000 tuka vana. I momo nsi yoyo
diaka esi Ngipito a sokel'o masonoko ma ntete ye ngangu za ntalu. E dyambu
dyadi dya vana nzila kwa mi Ngelekia mu kwiza mu Afnka mu kwiza longoka:
l°filosofia, iyau yakitula se azodi a ndwenga, muna fimpa ye fimpululanga muna
ngindu zau e tuku yo kuma kya nkal'au ova nza, ye teza vanin'emvutu mu
mambu ma zingu kyau; 2° ye longok' engangu za ntalu (eieneia de matematiea),
zi kwam'aka dikilang'engindu za wantu zina zi natanga nza ku ntwala.

Mu dyodyo, nsi eto y'Afnea, yabaka fulu kya nene muna kala se tuku dyante-
te dya ntemo una watemona nza yawonso mu tandu kya nene kya eivilizaeao ya
XX seeulo, ya lunganesa ntemo ye mawete mu nza ya mvimba, oma mazayakene
mu nkumbu ya seeulo ya Universal, kanele vo ay' amona mawete ye malau
momo kazolele mo tambudila ko.

Mu sikidis'e ngyal'a mbote muna mvivu mya nsi zandi, Africa wavang'ensiku
mina mya yadidingi nsi zozo, ye mina toma fila dyaka ye mu wau e nkangu
myandi muna mpila nkadilu au muna nsi zau, muna teza kizaila mambu malen-
da kwiza konda kwa zayakana. Vana vuvu ye mvibidulu a ntima ye kala ye fu
kyambote kya zaya sala, bikazyana makasi, vesan'e ndoloki, ye tanina e mvwilu
za sangi.

E nkanda wau wa Ngana z'Africa zina mu Kikongo, usongele muna masono-
ko, e tanduka ye wokela kwa ngindu zina konso nkangu kafwete vava kala zau
ye tambika zo kwa mbandu ikwiza ku ntwala.

Nkanda wowo wa zi Ngana z'AWka mu ndinga Kikongo, ka ufwananene ye
wa nkaka ko muna mpangama ina uvangamene, wuna ye kimvwama kya ngan-
gu, zina vo kana zitoma sadilwa, zilenda kala se sadilwa kya mfunu mu wokes'e
zayi ye ngangu. Vo usilu va moko ma yi Mvuka ya nkangu, Sikola za nene yovo
Univesidades, Biblioteeas, Centros de Investigagao ye zaka Sikola, nkanda wau
ulenda yikila, nsidi vuvu, nzailu a mfunu ya kyeleka ye kimvwama kya kinkulu
kya Africa, ke musungula ko e kinkulu kya Kongo, ye sadisa mu mpila yoyo mu
kutukumika muna tung'enza ya mbote muna ntangu yayi yavukanes'e nza
mvimba va mosi.



1 Aetualmente e Vice-Ministro da Edueaeao para a Retorma Edueativa



9



Muna kimwama kyandi kyawonso ye nswaswani yawonso, va la ye zimvita,
ye vonza, ye vuku ya mbi ya nkaka yina nsi za mvwama azolele kutukomenena,
yayi i Africa, yovo i Angola, eontinente yovo ndambu a tanu ya nza, i nsi yina ye
moko mazyuka mu tambul'anzenza, ye vuvu, nsi yi vatanga, ye tweianga, ikizib-
wele kwawonso azeye mona ye zititis'e kimvwama kyandi kya wantu ye mvwilu
zawonzo.

Luanda, 3 de Marco de 2008
Pinda Simao

Vice-Ministro da Edueaeao para a Reforma Edueativa



10



PrefAcio



O Dicionario de Proverbios Africanos em Kikongo, traduzidos e explieados em
tres Knguas das quais duas fazem parte do grupo das mais faladas no mundo, che-
gou no momento oportuno em que os conhecedores da riqueza da cultura africa-
na tem a obiigaeao de partilhar os seus saberes eom o mundo que os rodeia para
ajudar os povos do planeta terra, onde vivemos a cultivar a compreensao, a tole-
rancia mutua e a fraternidade, enquanto factores esseneiais para o desenvolvi-
mento baseado numa cultura de paz que todos almejamos.

Leopold Sedar Senghor lembrou-nos, num dos seus escritos, que foi em Africa
que apareceu pela primeira vez o homem ha 2.500.000 anos. Tambem foi neste
eontinente que os egipeios inventaram a primeira eseiita e a eieneia das matema-
tieas. Este faeto levou os gregos a virem a Africa para aprender a filosofia e a eien-
eia da matematiea que eontinuam a alimentar as mentes do mundo para o seu
desenvolvimento sustentavel.

O nosso eontinente jogou assim um papel deeisivo na formacao da eivilizaeao
do seeulo XX, seeulo do Universal, embora os povos que beneficiaram desta eon-
tiibuieao nao o reconhecam.

Para a harmonizacao das suas eomunidades, Africa criou regras de eonduta
que serviram e eontinuam a guiar os seus povos na maneira de estar na soeieda-
de, de prever circunstancias nao conhecidas. Incutir a eonfianea e a perseveranca,
a cultura de trabaIho, de tolemneia, de perdao e de proteccao do seu patiimonio
cultural.

O Dicionario de Proverbios Africanos em kikongo, espelha, por escrito, a
extensao e a profundeza destes saberes que qualquer soeiedade procura preservar
e transmitir as geracoes futuras.

O Dicionario de Proverbios, unieo no seu formato, eontem um mananeial de
sabedoiia que, bem usado, e um instmmento esseneial e rico de conhecimento.
Posto a disposi^ao das eomunidades, das Universidades, Biblioteeas, Centros de
Investigagao e Eseolas, contribuira, tenho a certeza disso, para o conhecimento da
realidade e riqueza da cultura de Afiiea e, particularmente da cultura kongo, aju-
dando assim a reafirmar a nossa participacao na construcao dum mundo melhor
neste seeulo de mundializaeao.

Em toda a sua riqueza e diversidade, longe das guerras, das catastrofes, epide-
mias e outros males a que o «mundo desenvolvido» nos quer reduzir, eis Africa,
ou melhor Angola, eontinente e Pais de acolhimento e de esperanca, de cultura e
criacao que se abre a todos aqueles que sabem ver e respeitar o seu poteneial
humano.

Luanda, 3 de Mar<;o de 2008
Knda Simao

Vice-Ministro da Eduea^ao para a Reforma Edueativa



11



Prephase 2



Ce Dictionnaire de Proverbes Afiieains en Kikongo, traduits et expliques en
trois langues dont deux font partie du groupe de eelles qui sont les plus pariees
au monnde, est anive au moment opportun ou eeux qui sont connaisseurs de la
richesse de la culture afdeaine ont une obligation de partager leurs eonnaissanees
avee le monde qui les entoure pour aider les peuples de la planete terre ou nous
vivons pour cultiver la comprehension, la tolerance mutuelle et la fratemite, en
tant que facteurs essentiels pour le developpement base sur une culture de paix
que tous nous desinms ardemment.

Leopold Sedar Senghor nous a rappele, dans un de ses eeiits, que ee fut en
Afrique qu'apparut, pour la premiere fois, l'homme il y a 2.500.000 ans. C'est
aussi dans ee eontinent que les egyptiens inventerent la premiere ecriture et la
seienee des mathematiques. Ce fait amena les grecs a apparaitre en Afrique pour
apprendre la philosophie e la seienee de mathematique qui eontinuent a alimen-
ter les espiits du monde pour le developement durable.

Notre eontinent a ainsi joue un role deeisif dans la creation de la eivilisation
du XXe sieele, sieele de rUniversel, bien que les peuples qui beneficierent de eette
eontiibution ne le reconnaissent pas.

Pour l'harmbnisation de ses eommunites, l'Afrique a cree des regles de eon-
duite qui ont servi et eontinuent a guider ses peuples dans la maniere d'etre dans
la soeiete, de prevoir des circonstances non eonnues, d'inspirer la eonfianee et la
perseverance, la culture de travail, de tolerance, de pardon et de protection de
son patrimoine culturel.

Le Dictionnaire des Proverbes Africains en Kikongo montre par ecrit, l'exten-
sion et la profondeur de ees eonnaissanees qu'une soeiete quelconque cherche a
preserver et a transmettre aux generations futures.

Ce Dictionnaire des Proverbes Africains en Klkongo, unique dans son format,
eontient une source de sagesse qui, bien utilisee, est un instmment essentiel et
riche de eonnaissaee et de savoir. Mis a la disposition des Communautes, des Uni-
versites, Bibliotheques, Centres de Investigation et Eeoles, il contribuira, j'en suis
certain, a la eonnaissanee de la realite et richesse de la culture de l'Afrique et,
particulierement, de Ia culture Kongo, aidant ainsi a reaffirmer notre paitieipa-
tion a la eonstmetion d'un monde meilleur en ee sieele de mondialisation.

Dans toute sa richesse et diiversite, loin des guerres, des catastrophes, epide-
mies et autres maux auxquels le monde developpe veut nous reduire, voila l'Afii-
que, ou mieux, l'Angola, le eontinent et le pays d'aeeueil et d'esperance, de
culture et creation, qui s'ouvre a tous eeux qui savent voir et respecter son poten-
tiel tiumain et technique.

Luanda, 3 de Margo de 2008
Pinda Simao

Vice-Ministro da Edueaeao para a Reforma Edueativa



2 Traducao: Emamnuel Kunzika



12



FOREWORD 3



This Diaionary of Afnean Proverbs in Kikongo, translated and explained in
three languages two of which are in the group of those which are the most spo-
ken over the worId, has eome in due time so that those who know the richess of
african culture have lhe obligation to share their knowledge with the world
which surrounds them in order to help the people of the planet earth, where
we're living, to eultvate comprehension, mutual tolerance and brotherwood,
essential factores for the development that all of us we long for.

Leopold Sedar Senghor reminded us, in one of his wiitings, that it was in Afri-
ea tnat appeared the man 2.500.000 years ago. It is also in this eontinente that
the Egyptians invented the first handwriting and the seieneia of mathematics.
This event brougt the Greeks to Africa in order to learn phylosophy and seieneias
of the mathematics that eontinue to to feed the minds of the world for its sustai-
nable development.

In this way, our eontinet plaid in the highest degree the forrmation of the eivi-
lization of the century XX, the «century of the Universal», although the people
who had benefited from it don't not recognize it.

For the harmonization of its eommunities, Afnea created norms of eonduet
which were useded and eontinue to guide its people how to behave in the soeie-
ty, to forecast unkown circumstances, to instil the eonfidenee and perseverance,
the culture of work, tolerance, forgiveness and protection of its cultural property.

This Dictionary of the African proverbs in Kikongo shows by writing, an
extension and the depth of this knowledge that any soeiety must seek to preserve
and transmit to the future generations.

Unique in its format, this Dictionary of Proverbs has a eeitain source of wis-
dom which, well used, is an essential and rich instmment of the knowledge and
know-how. When it is put available to the eommunities, Universities, libraries,
Invesigation Centers and Schools, it will contribute, I'm sure, to the knowledge of
the reality and the richess of the culture of the Africa and, and particulary, of ttie
culture kongo, helping consequently through this to reaffirm our participation in
the eonstmetion of a better world in this century of globalization.

Through all its richess and diversity, far from wars, from catatrophes, epidemie
and other evils to which the developped world wants to subjeet us, here is Afiiea
or Angola, eontinent and Countty of weleome and hope, of cultura and creation,
which is open to all who know to see and respect its numan and physical poten-
eial.

Luanda, 3 de Marco de 2008
Pinda Simao

Vice-Ministro da Edueaeao para a Reforma Edueativa



5 Traducao: Emmanuel Kunzika



13



LUSUNZULU 4



Nkanda wau, Buku dyansasa za Ngana za Kikongo zina mu nkanda wau, nkan-
da miole mina mu buku dyadi: wa ntete tuka mu A nate L, nkanda wanzole tuka
mu M nate Z, zisasilu mu Poitugues, Fxanees ye Ingles. Muna buku dyadi, Ngana za
ndinga ya zina mo, Ngana za Kikongo i zina ye mfunu a ntete muna fwananesa zo
ye Ngana za kinzenza zina kaka ye saiu kya sasila Ngana za Kikongo.

Ndinga Kikongo izeye vukanesa makanda mayingi ma Kikongo, mavukana
mu nlambu mosi, yovo mavambana ye ma zingilanga wau mu nsi zavambana ye
zikiyalanga. Kansi yau awonso e lubantiku lwau lwa tuka muna Luyalu lwa
Nkulu lwa Kongo dya Ntotila. I mwau avayikila akaka mu ngolo, ayingi mu
malembe, mu buka ya nene yovo ya fyoti, mu kwenda zingila muna nsi za luvu-
vamu, yovo kuna nsi azeye ku kukulanga kimvumina ye wiki. Muna mpambani
za mpila yoyo, nding'au Kikongo kayavambana mu ndinga zayingi za swaswana
ko nze yi una wavambanena makanda kuna «Torre de Babel» yovo «Mpambani
za Makanda». Ndinga Kikongo yawuta zindinga ndinga za fyoti nze inkonko-
nkoko ye ngudi a nkoko. Konso nkangu mya esi kongo akala va mosi yovo
avambana, ndinga zau zafinamyana ye belenda vovaziana ye wizana kadi bena
ye ndinga mosi a Kikongo. Ndinga za fyoti za tuka muna ndinga nene nze, zina
ye mpila mpovelo, mpila mambu, ye mpila za nsonekeno za swasana, muna
zunga yovo munsi za swasana, kansi ndinga zozo za fyoti za vukana mu vova
ndinga mosi Kaka yanene.

Kanele vo Buku dyadi dina ye 1 .050 Ngana, kadisongele ko vo zazi i Ngana za
wonso zina mu nding'a Kikongo. Ngana zazi i tosi dimosi kwani dya maza mu
Kalunga dya zingana zina mu makanda mayingi masonganga kinkulu ye fu yeto.

E mfunu a Buku dyadi i dya sonika yovo sonikanga mu nkanda mambu ma
kinkulu kia nkangu oma mavovelwanga kaka mu nwa. E kinkulu i nki? Kinkulu
kizayakene nze «oma makalanga kaka tuka ntama». I sia vo kinkulu i nsunzul'e
fu ye mambu mankulu masadilwanga mu mpova tuka mbandu ye mbandu. Vo
lusunzulu luvangamene mu nwa ye mu sonika, e mvukana mambu ma nkulu ye
mambu ma mpa se ya toma sikila mu dyambu dye mambu mena kuntwala ye
tandu muna tandu. Kadi vena ye kingana kivovanga vo: «mambu mena mavov-
wanga luta malutanga, kaka oma masonamanga i ma nanganga». I mpila yayi
buku dyadi dilenda sadisa mbandu a mpa muna tambula ndambu a zi Ngana za
Kongo zina muna kinkulu kilundanga ngangu ye ndwenga zi filanga nkangu
muna zingu kyani.

Bena bavovanga konso mpila Kikongo, kabamona mpasi ko mu bakisa Ngana
zi sonamene mu kikongo kye Buku dyadi. Kwa bena ka bavovanga Kikongo ko,
kansi bazolele zaya kinkulu kya Kongo muna zi Ngana zina mu buku dyadi,
nsasa zina tuvene mu konso Ngana se za vana ntemo mu vempola konso bubu
yovo «zibula mwelo» ye kotisa mu nzo a kimvwama, bana bazolele zaya e kinku-
Iu kya Kongo, kadi konso ndinga ina nze nzo mvimba kiyelele ye kimvwama, i
dyau konso ndyon'ovezanga konso ndinga, i wau kazeye yo ko.



Tradu?ao: Emamnuel Kunzika



15



Angola, kuna kuvaikidi buku dyadi, i nsi a ndinga za yingi zina zizayakene
kala kwa luyalu, ye zina ye nswa wa vovela mu Radio iwisakananga mu nsi a
mvimba, yina ye nkumbu a «Ngola Yeto» [Ngola Eto]. Kansi ndinga zozo ka zi
toma sadilwanga ko kadi kani zi toma sonama ko. Kansi tu e kinkulu kya nsi
kizakene vo i nsing'a nene uvukanesang'oma ma nkulu y'oma ma mpa muna
lusansu lwa nsi za Angola mu kimpambudi ye za Af rica mu bundu.

Vena ye mfunu a nene wa toma sadila ndinga nsi mu lunda e kinkulu kyeto
mu dyambu dy'entangu yina kuntwala. E nkotesa ndinga za nsi mu sikola za
ntete, kanele vo mu teza kaka, dyambu dya mfunu kikilu difwete landakanwa
kw'asoniki a esi Angola ye anzenza mu sadisa esi nsi mu baka fulu kya kala se
atati a kinkulu ye lusansu lwau.

Salu kya sonika buku dyadi kyayindulwa muna mvu wa 1970, i mvu yayanti-
ka sonika ye lunda Ngana za Kikongo, zina yasonekenenge muna buka ya nkangu
ye wantu a yingi ye monanenenge yau muna fulu yayingi, nze: mafwa, tukazalu,
ngutuka za wana, tukutakanu twa mambu ma nsi, ma Nzambi, za makanda, ye
sonika Ngana za mono mosi. Kansi muna mvu wa 1972, akundi yesadidingi au
musalu kya lukulu Iwa Angola, amona vo ntangu au yifwene mu kunkatula mu
ngolo, i diau ampunina mambu vo mono yekele ku nima ma solayi mpasi ankatu-
la muna ngolo zina akele zau muna ntangu ina. Muna kumfunda konda kwakun-
kanga ye sa dyame va moko, avilakana vo yakikadila mu Nkindu a Lukulu Iwa
Angola mvu 17, konda kwa vava fulu kya muntu a nkaka. Yalomba mpasi amfun-
disa, kansi kazola kumpana lau dyodyo ko. Kw'alandi eto alombele vo afwete
kumfundisa mpasi kyeleka kyazayakana, atambula mvutu vo: «Fundisa Kunzika i
fundisa Revolucao ya Angola», dyakyeleka kadi kani akele dyau i dya: «Katula
mvungudi kambi dya mameme dya mwangana» (Mateus 26:31), yovo «Lwakila
mbuta, nkangu wamwangana». E nsukani, mawonso yakubikidi mu sonika
Lusansu lwa Angola masala vana moko mau. Nze una wavova Francois I, Ntinu a
Franca, kwa ngudi andi, vava kanungwa mu mvita, mono mpe yavova kwa
nkaz'ame ye wan'ame: «Yawonso ivididi, katula kaka luzitu lwame».

Vava mvutukidi ku Angola, nkaz'ame Donna Lueilia Sadi Kunzika ye
mwan'ame Jose Kunzika, akizayidi e kani dyame dya sonika buku dya Lusansu
lwa Angola, Ngana ye Nsamu, ankumika mu vutukila e kani dya sonika nkanda
nze i wau. Mwan'ame ungikamene mu mabuku ye nteza z'andi za Ngana mu
Frances, Ingles, Poitugues ye mu Lingala, nze i mono, zina kasonekenenge vava
ka sadidingi kuna Equator Bank (U.S.A), se lusadisu muna salu kyame. Ku
nim'andi, a nkwezi zame: Sra. Molley Julieta Sadi Miguel ye Graca Luntezi Sadi
Dinis antambika mambu masala sonika mvubi se dyau ye nzitu ame, Sr. Pedro
Sadi, wakele Nsoniki a B.M.S. (Soeiedade Misionaria Baptista) dye
Quibocolo-Angola, mambu momo matadidi Zingana, e mambu ma mvita ze
mbuta zeto: Alvaro Buta ye Mbianda Ngunga anuanis'a Mputulukeso muna mvu
wa 1914, zina kawila mu nsangu kwa se dyandi ye kw'azingi kumosi a se dyandi.
Muna mambu momo masonika Sr. Pedro Sadi muna ye mambu ma mvit'a Luku-
lu lwa Angola ya nwana tuka 1961 nate ye 1974, mvita yina kamwena mpasi mu
nsuni ye moyo andi, kansi kuna mfoko wakivana mvimba, ye mona muna meso
mandi e lufwasu mu bomba, lwa dibundu dyawonso dye Quibocolo, dyakele ye
nzo a Nzambi yatungamene yawonso mu matadi.

Buku dya yatama sonama tuka mvu 2000 nate 2007.



16



Ngana za yinga za sonika Sr. Pedro Sadi zina mu nkanda wau, zina mfunu
kwa wantu a tandu kyaki ye tandu ina kuntwala.

Buku dyadi dyavwa mfunu a lusadisu lwa mbuta zina ye ntima mya zola sadi-
sa salu kya bantu bena ye gindu za mfunu kansi akondel'owu alenda sadila yovo
vaikisa zo mpasi salu kyenda kuntwala yovo kya toma fokoka. E lukanu lwa
buku dyadi lwa sunzulwa ntete kwa Ministeno da Edueaeao ye Culutura zakele
za vukana. Kanele vo lukanu Iolo Iwatoma tambulwa, kansi ka lwa mona mfoko
ya mbote ko. Lukanu lolo lwa toma tambulwa muna ngatik'a salu kyantete kwa
ENSA-ANGOLA. Ku nim'andi lwa songwa kwa Viee Ministro wa Educac;ao, Dr.
Mpinda Simao, yandi mpe wasuzula lo kwa HYDRO-ANGOLA. E Kompani dya-
tonda vana lusadisu lwa fokolwela salu kyaki, nate vaikisa Buku dyadi muna
Nyetekeno ya NZILA yina muna nsi a lutumu lwa Nsoneki ye Director Dr. Arlin-
do Isabel.

Tumwene vo e yayi i mpil'a mbote ya ma Kompani ma esi nsi ye ma nzenza
mu sadisa nsi yayi mu kwenda ku ntwala mu ngindu ye mu salu yau. Muna
nkumbu ame ye aya bekala ye lau dya sadila buku dyadi, mvutwidi matondo ma
nsi a ntima kwa ma Kompani momo ma mole, ye kwa wantu, avana lusadisu
lwau lwa konso mpila, mpasi lukanu Iwa nkanda wau lwakituka se buku, ye
sadila ngindu zina mwau nze nsabi ya zingu yilenda ziwula kimvwama kilenda
tomisa muntu ye mvivo una kazingilanga.

Buku dyadi dina ye ngindu za malongi, ma «nkut'aleke mu nzila kirnbuta»,
kemusungula ko aleke a tandu kyaki ye tandu yikwiza ku ntwala. Ngindu zazi
zina muna malongi ma nkand'a Nzambi, muna Ngana (22:6): «Longa mwana
tuka muna kileke kyandi, se kasola nzil'a mbote ina kafwete landa, ye vava kaki-
tuka se nunu kasa yo yambula ko»

Teza se walungisa mambu mavovelo mu buku dyadi.

Emanuel Kunzika
Barcelona, 2 Fevereiro 2008



17



lNTRODUCAO



Este Iivro e um dieionaiio de proverbios em Kikongo, de dois volumes, sendo
o primeiro de A a L e o segundo de M a Z, traduzidos em Ponugues, Frances e
Ingles. Nesta obra, os proverbios em Kikongo sao a base essendal de comparacao
dos proverbios Kikongo eom os seus equivalentes em PoUugues, Frances e Ingles
que servem apenas para explicar ou esclarecer o sentido dos primeiros.

O Kikongo e uma Ifngua unificadora de varios povos Kikongo unidos em
espaeps eomuns ou separados agora em pai'ses independentes e soberanos uns dos
outros, mas eujas rafzes da arvore genealogiea remontam ao Antigo Reino do
Kongo donde emigraram forgosamente ou paeifieamente, em massas ou em
pequenos gnipos para outras terras mais elementes ou mais produtivas. Nessas
eondiepes de separacao, a sua lfngua eomum Kikongo, em vez de se tornar numa
«Torre de Babel», eomo os proprios povos, transformou-se jem vaiios dialeetos ou
linguagens particulares derivados da li'ngua principal ou eomum, falados mas
compreendidos pelos gnipos usando outros dialeetos, distintos uns dos outros. Os
dialeetos sao poitanto vanedades de lmgua, tendo caracterfsticas diferentes de
voeabulaiios, de pronunciacao e mesmo de gramatica que as diferenciam umas
das outras vanedades loeais ou regionais mas que eonstituem uma uniea lmgua
utilizada em eomum.

Este dicionario de apenas 1.050 proverbios nao e uma listagem aeabada, e
uma gota de agua no oeeano de inumeros proverbios eontidos na cultura de um
tal mosaieo de etnias e de dialeetos que formam o povo Kikongo e expressam a
sua cultura e as suas tradi$6es.

0 que justifiea este dicionario e a transmissao por eseiito da tradicao oral. A
tradi?ao, definida eomo «o que sempre existiu» caracteriza-se pela transmissao
verbal dos usos e eostumes de gera?ao em gera^ao eom vista a ligar o passado ao
presente. Quando esta transmissao e feita oralmente e por escrito, esta ligagao
entre o passado e o presente torna a eontinuidade das tradig6es garantida para o
futuro de geracao em geragao. E neste ambito que se enquadra este Iivro que
podera contribuir a transmitir a nova gera^ao uma parte da tradigao em prover-
bios Kikongo, tradi?ao que e considerada eomo depositoiio da sabedoiia Kongo
no eonvivio do seu povo eomo soeiedade humana.

Os que falam um dos dialeetos Kikongo, nao encontraram grandes difieulda-
des em compreender os proverbios eseiitos no dialeeto deste Iivro, proximo dos
outros dialeetos do Kikongo eomum. Para os que nao falam Kikongo, mas que
estao interessados em compreender um poueo da cultura Kikongo, as traducoes e
expliea^oes que acompanham estes proverbios servem de luz ou de «sesamo
abre-te» para os deixar entrar neste outro mundo de ideias, pois eada li'ngua e um
mundo cheio de riquezas representadas pela sabedona do seu povo. Com efeito,
quem critica uma U'ngua, e porque nao a conhece.

Angola, onde este livro sai ao publieo, e um pais eomposto de vanas etnias
eujos idiomas sao reconhecidos eomo «h'nguas nacionais» que benefieiam de um
eanal de radio chamado «Ngola Yeto» [Nossa Angola]. Contudo, elas servem
ainda apenas de transmissoras de tradi?6es orais, porque sao ainda muito poueo
desenvolvidas por escrito. Entretanto, essas tradigoes sao consideradas eomo o



18



substxato que liga o passado ao presente da historia dos povos angolanos em par-
ticular e afneanos em geral.

Existe portanto uma grande neeessidade de promover o desenvolvimento das
lmguas naeionais para a conservacao da nossa cultura no presente e a sua trans-
missao para o futuro. A inttodueao dessas linguas pelo govemo no ensino prima-
rio, mesmo a ti'tulo expeiimental, e um grande passo que deve ser acelerado e as
suas pisadas seguidas pelos escritores angolanos e outros, no sentido de assegurar
aos naeionais o seu devido lugar de guardiao da cultura e da propria historia
angolana.

O trabalho deste livro foi baseado na recolha de vaiios proverbios Kikongo,
realizada a partir do ano 1970 junto das eomunidades e pessoas em varias cir-
eunstaneias da vida soeial tais eomo obitos, easamentos, naseimentos, reunioes
poli'tieas, religiosas ou socio-culturais, livros, revistas e palestras, e finalmente pela
formulacao de outros proverbios resultantes da expeneneia pessoal do autor. Mas
quando em 1972 os meus companheiros de luta fizeram tudo para falsamente me
implicar contra a RevoIucao Angolana, que ja tinha servido durante 17 anos,
esqueceram que o feitieo podena virar-se contra o feiticeiro. Eu, eomo aeusado,
pedi um julgamento, mas este «favor» me foi recusado, e os militantes que pedi-
ram o mesmo procedimento, responderam-lhes que «julgar Kunzika e julgar a
Revolucao Angolana», o que foi uma verdade, pois eles nao tinham nenhuma
prova contra mim, porque o seu verdadeiro intento era de «ferir o pastor para
dispersar as ovelnas do rebanho» [Lwakila mbuta nkangu wamwangana], e eomo
resultado dessa maquinacao, fui despido de todo o material que tinha aeumulado
para a historia de Angola. Como disse o Rei Frances, Francois I a sua mae, eu
disse a minha esposa e aos meus filhos: «Tudo esta perdido salvo a honra». Com
efeito, perdi tudo, mas a minha honra era preservada.

Regressado a Angola, fui encorajado e mesmo pressionado por minha esposa,
Sra. Donna Lueflia Sadi Kunzika e meu filno Jose Kunzika, que sabiam dos meus
projectos de escrever livros sobre a Revolucao Angolana, proverbios, eontos e
fabulas. Meu filho apoiou-me pelos livros e pelos seus ensaios de proverbios que
ja tinha escrito em Frances, Poitugues, Ingles e Lingala, no Equator Bank nos
EUA, eomo eontiibuto aos meus proprios esforcos. Entretanto, as minhas cunha-
das: Sra. Molley Julieta Sadi Miguel e Sra. Graca Luntezi Sadi Dinis confiaram-me
tambem certos manuscritos postumos do seu faleeido pai e meu sogro, Sr. Pedro
Sadi ex-Secretario da B.M.S. [Soeiedade Missionaria Baptista] de Quibocolo-
-Angola, relativos a alguns proverbios e eventos das lutas travadas contra os por-
tugueses pelos lideres naeionalistas Alvaro Buta e Mbianda Ngunga no ano 1914,
de que ele tinha ouvido falar do seu pai e de outros naeionalistas contempora-
neos do seu pai. Destes manusentos, eonstavam certos detalhes sobre a luta de
libenagao de Angola desde 1961 ate 1973, da qual ele tinha sofrido na carne e no
espi'rito, mas a qual tinha dado finalmente o melhor de si depois de ter presencia-
do, de longe, eom a morte na sua alma, a destmi^ao por bombardeamento, de
toda a missao de Quibocolo, euja igreja tinha sido construida toda em pedras.

Este livro precisou de «Mecenas» para ser eonelufdo eom exito. O seu projec-
to, apresentado em primeiro lugar ao Ministerio da Edueaeao e da Cultura, susei-
tou um interesse positivo mas fieou sem resultado efeetivo. Gontudo, encontrou
na sua fase inieial um apoio financeiro encorajador da parte da Empresa Naeional



19



de Seguros de Angola «ENSA-ANGOLA» que o salvou do seu estado de inanieao.
Tendo benefieiado da eonfianea do Vice-Ministro da edueaeao, Dr. Mpinda Simao,
o projecto foi apresentado a Empresa «HYDRO-ANGOLA», que o apoiou na sua
fase final eom os meios mateiiais de trabalho e financeiros, tendo assumido a sua
edieao pelas Edieoes Nzila atraves do seu Editor Literario e Director, Dr. Arlindo
Isabel.

Consideramos que esta e a maneira positiva destas Empresas Naeionais e
estrangeiras de contribuirem ao desenvolvimento soeial do pais. Em meu nome
pessoal e dos que vierem a beneficiar deste livro, apresento do fundo do meu
coracao os meus agradecimentos as duas empresas e outras pessoas, pelos meios
mateiiais e financeiros que ajudaram a tomar o projecto de dirionario que lhes
foi submetido num livro de utilidade publiea, pois as ideias que eontem este livro
podem transformar os leitores que souberem aproveitar dessas ideias eomo chave
de vida que abre os tesouros que transformam o homem e o meio em que vive.

Este Dicionario tem um eonteudo didaetieo, destinado principalmente a
juventude da nossa geracao e das geracoes vindouras. Esta didaetiea e baseada na
sabedoria secular bfbliea que nos ensina, no livro dos Proverbios 22:6 «lnstrui ao
menino desde a sua infaneia no eaminno em que deve andar, e ate quando enve-
lhecer nao se desviara dele».

Tente e provara a realidade do que e dito neste livro.

Emanuel Kunzika
Barcelona, 2 de Fevereiro de 2008



20



I



lNTRODUTION



Ce livre est un Dictionnaire de Proverbes Kikongo traduits en PoUugais, Fran-
eais et Anglais, eompose de deux Volumes, le premier allant de A a L et le deuxie-
me de M a Z. De tous ees proverbes eites en quatre langues, les proverbes en
Kikongo sont la base essentielle de comparaison des proverbes Kikongo avee
leurs equivalents en Poitugais, Francais et Anglais, qui ne servent qu'a expliquer
le sens des premiers.

Le Kikongo est une langue unifieatnee de diverses ethnies Kikongo unies dans
des espaees eommuns ou separes, vivant maintenant dans des pays independants
et souverains, les uns des autres, mais dont les racines de l'arbre genealogique
plongent dans les terres de l'Aneien Royaume du Kikongo, d'ou ils emigrerent
forcement ou pacifiquement, en masses ou en petits nombres, vers d'autres terres
plus elementes ou plus productives. Dans ees eonditions d'emigration, leur langue
eommune Kikongo, au lieu de devenir une «Tour de Babel», eomme les peuples
eux-memes, souffrit seulement de petites transformations en dialeetes deiives de
la Langue-Mere eommune, et parles par les uns mais eompns par les autres grou-
pes utilisant d'autres dialeetes differents les uns des autres. Les dialeetes sont
pourtant des vaiietes de langues ayant des caracteristiques de vocabuIaires, de
ptononeiations et meme de grammaire, qui differencient les varietes loeales ou
regionales les unes des autres, tout en eonstituant eependant une meme et uni-
que Langue utilisee en eommun.

Ce Dictionnaire eompose seulement de 1 .050 proverbes ne peut pas etre eon-
sidere une liste eomplete, e'est une goutte d'eau dans i'oeean d'innombrables
proverbes eontenus dans la culture d'un tel mosai"que d'etlinies et de dialeetes
formant le peuple Mukongo qui expiime eette culture et dynamise ses traditions.

Ce qui justifie ee Dictionnaire, e'est la transmission par ecrit de eette transmis-
sion orale. Or, la tradition est definie eomme «ce qui a toujours existe» et se
caracterise par la transmission verbale des us et eoutumes de generation en gene-
ration en vue de lier le passe au present. C'est lorsque eette transmission est faite
oralement et par ecrit que eette ligation est garantie, et la eontinuite des tradi-
tions devient garantie aussi par le futur de generation en generation. Ceci est
confirme par le proverbe qui dit: «Les paroles s'envolent, seuls les ecrits restent».
C'est dans ee domaine que s'encadre ee livre qui pourrait contribuer a transmet-
tre a la nouvelle generation une partie de Ia tradition par les proverbes en Kikon-
go, consideree eomme le depositoire de Ia sagesse Kikongo animee justement par
l'usage des proverbes eomme ingredients de la parole ou des discours, car un dis-
cours depourvu de ees ingredients est fade.

Ceux qui parlent un des dialeetes Kikongo utilise dans ee Dirtionnaire n'au-
ront pas de grandes diffieultes a comprendre les proverbes eents dans le dialeete
de ee livre, proche des autres dialeetes du Kikongo eommun, qui n'a aueun dia-
leete standard ou principal. Pour eeux qui ne parlent pas le Kikongo, mais qui
seraient interesses a comprendre un peu de la culture Kikongo, les traductions et
explieation qui aeeompagnent ees proverbes servent pour les eclairer ou pour
avoir aeees au secret de: «sesame ouvre-toi» et il ouvrira en vue de laisser les
interesses entrer dans eet autre monde d'idees, car chaque langue est un monde



21



rempli de iidiesses insoupgonnees representees par la sagesse de son peuple. En
effet, si on critique une langue, e'est parce qu'on ne la eonnalt pas.

Angola, pays dans lequel ee livre a vu le jour, est un pays eompose, de plu-
sieurs ethnies dont les idiomes sont reconnus eomme langues nationales, et bene-
fieient d'un eanal de la Radio appele «Ngola Yeto» [Notre Angola]. Cependant,
elles servent encore eomme emettiiee de traditions ora!es du fait qu'elles sont tres
peu developpees par eent. Et pourtant, ees traditions sont considerees eomme le
substrat qui lie le passe au present dans l'histoire des peuples angolais en panieu-
lier et afiieains en general.

II existe done une grande neeessite de promouvoir le developpement des lan-
gues nationales pour la conservation de la culture dans le present et sa transmis-
sion aux futures generations. L'introduction de ees langues par le Gouvemement
dans l'enseignement primaire, meme a titre expeiimental, est un grand pas qui
doit etre accelere et ses traces suivies par les ecrivains angolais ou etrangers dans
le but d'assurer aux nationaux leur vraie plaee de gardien de la culture et de
l'histoire.

Le projet de ee livre fut base sur un premier travail de recueil de plusieurs
proverbes Kikongo realise a partir de 1970 aupres des eommunautes et personnes
rencontrees dans diverses circonstances de la vie soeiale telles que deees, maiia-
ges r naissanees, reunions politiques, religieuses ou socio-culturelles, livres,
revues, et par la formulation d'autres proverbes resultant de l'expenenee person-
nelle de l'auteur. Mais en 1972, mes eompagnons de lutte trouverent que l'oeea-
sion et les circonstances etaient reunies pour m'accuser injustement et sans
preuve aueune, pour en retourner la roue de la Kevolution Angolaise contre moi
et eeux qui, eomme moi les genaient, et non la RevoIution que j'avais servie deja
pendant 17 ans, sans jamais chercher a compromettre les interets des uns ni des
autres, mais en meme temps la veiite, qui ne change jamais, nous appiit qu'elle
savait confondre ses detracteurs. Comme aeeuse, j'avais demande a mes aeeusa-
teurs de me juger, mais eette «faveur» me fut refusee et aux militants qui deman-
derent que soit fait, ils leur repondirent que «juger Kunzika, e'est juger la
Revolution Angolaise», ee qui etait vrai, car ils n'avaient aueune preuve contre
moi. Dans mon eas, et eelui de mes eompagnons, leur vraie intention aidee par la
force etait claire de: «Eliminer le berger pour disperser les brebis de la bergerie».
Cela se traduit, en Kikongo, par le proverbe equivalent: «Lwakila mbuta nkangu
wamwangana». Le resultat de eette rnachination, etait que je perdis tout le mate-
iiel que j'avais aeeumule pour l'histoire de l'Angola. Comme Fran^ois ler dit a sa
mere quand il perdit la guerre, moi aussi, je dis a ma femme et a mes enfants:
Tout est perdu hormis l'honneur «En effet, je perdis tout mais mon honneur fut
garde intact».

Rentre en Angola, je fus encourage par ma femme Donna Lueflia Sadi Kunzi-
ka, et mon fils Jose Kunzika, qui savaient mes projets d'ecrire livres sur la Revo-
lution Angolaise, Proverbes, Contes ou Fables. Mon fils m'a appuye par des livres
et ses essais des proverbes eeiits a Equator Bank en Frangais, Portugais, Lingala et
en Anglais, qu'il m'envoyait en contribution a mes efforts. D'autre part, mes bel-
les soeurs, Mmes: Molley Julieta Sadi Miguel, et Graca Luntezi Sadi Dinis me
confierent certains manuscrits posthumes de leur pere et mon beau-pere, Mr.
Pedro Sadi, ex-Secretaire de la B.M.S. (Baptist Mission Soeiety) de Quibocolo-



22



-Angola, ees manuscrits se referaient a quelques proverbes, et certains evene-
ments politiques des luttes menees contre les Portugais par Ies leaders nationalis-
tes Alvaro Buta, et Mbianda Ngunga, dans l'annee 1914, dont il avait entendu
parler de son pere et des autres nationalistes contemporains de son pere. Ces
manusoits eontenaient aussi certains details sur la lutte de liberation a partir de
l'annee 1961 jusque 1973, dont il avait souffen dans sa chair et son esprit, mais a
laquelle il avait finalement donne Ie meilleur de si apres avoir assiste de loin, la
mon dans l'ame, a la destruction par bombardement de toute la Mission de Qui-
boeolo dont l'Eglise avait etait eonstmite totalement en pierres.

Ce livre a eu besoin des meeenes sans lesquels le projet de ee Dictionnaire
aurait eontinue a vegeter eomme projet pendant longtemps. En effet, Soumis au
Ministere de l'Edueation et de la Culture, le projet souseita un interet positif, mais
resta sans effet faute de deeision de la part de l'un des deux Ministeres qui repon-
daient pour les deux. Entre-temps, le projet, dans sa phase initiale, re?ut un
appui financier encourageant de la part de l'ENSA-ANGOLA, qui le sauva de son
etat subsequent d'inanition. Heureusement, dans sa phase finale, le projet benefi-
eia de la eonfianee du Vice-Ministre de I'Edueation, Dr. Mpinda Simao, qui Ie pre-
sent a HYDRO-ANGOLA, laquelle l'appuya, avee des moyens necessaires pour
transformer le projet en un livre d'utilite publique, en assumant le eout de son
edition par les Editions NZILA, de l'Editeur Litteraire et Directeur, Dr. Arlindo Isa-
bel.

Nous considerons que eela est la maniere positive de ees Entreprises nationa-
les et etrangeres de contribuer au developpement soeial du pays. A mon nom
personnel et de eeux qui beneficieront des idees et messages que eontient ee livre,
presente ma plus vive et cordiale reconnaissance aux deux Entreprises et a toutes
les personnes dont l'appui a peimis que le desir expnme par le projet soit devenu
une realite.

Ce Dictionnaire a un eontenu didactique, destine pnneipalement a la jeunesse
de notre generation et des generations futures. Cette didactique est basee sur la
sagesse seculaire biblique qui nous enseigne dans le livre des Proverbes 22:6
«Eduque l'enfant des son enfanee, il choisira le bon enemin a suivre dans sa vie,
et quand il sera vieux il n'en departira pas».

Essayez et vous prouverez la realite de ee qui est dit dans ee Livre!

Emanuel Kunzika
Barcelona, 2 Fevrier 2008



23



Introduction



This Book is a Dietionaiy of Kikongo Proverbs presented in two Volumes: the
first is from A to L and the seeond from M to Z, translated into Portuguese,
French and Englisn. In tnis book, the Kikongo Proverbs are the essential basis of
eompaiison with their equivalents in Ponuguese, French and Englisn, which are
used only to explain the meanings of the first ones.

Kikongo is a eement of unifieation of many Bakongo people, united in eom-
mon spaees or now separated in independent and sovereign eountiies, such as
Kepublie of Angola, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the Republic of
Congo. Nevertheless, their roots of the genealogieal tree go baek to the Aneient
Kingdom of Kongo from where they emigrated forcibly or peaeefully, in great
number or in small groups to settle in peaeeful or pmduetive lands. In these eon-
ditions of emigration, their Bakongo eommon Language, instead of beeoming a
«Tower of Babel» as did the people, was transformed in many dialeets or particu-
lar languages derived from the main or eommon Language, which was spoken
and understood by groups using other different dialeets. The dialeets are therefo-
re vaneties of the language and tiave their distinet characteristics of vocabu!ary,
pronunciation and even grammar, which differentiate them ones from the others
in loeal or regional vaiieties, but in sum, they eonstitute one unique language
used in eommon.

This Dictionary of just 1,050 proverbs is not a eomplete list of the eountless
proverbs that eonstitute the fund of the culture of such a mosaie of etnnie groups
and dialeets that foim the Bakongo People, and express their culture and tradi-
tions.

What justifies this Dictionary is its eontiibution on writing the oral tradition
that would be transmitted to the future generations. The tradition, defined as
«what always exists», is characterized by the oral transmission in order to link
the past with the present. When this transmission is done orally and in writing,
this linkage between the past and the present guarantees the eontinuity of the
traditions for the future from one generation to another. It is to this extent that
this book envisages to contribute for the wansmission of it message to the new
generation, which is a part of the tradition considered as the depositoiy of the
Kongo wisdom in the human soeiety.

Those who speak one of the Kikongo dialeets will find no great diffieulty in
understanding the proverbs wntten in the phraseology of this book, similar to the
other dialeets of the eommon Kikongo. To those who don't speak Kikongo but
are interested in understanding some of the Kongo culture, the translations and
explanations of the Kikongo proverbs will clear up some diffieulties or will give
them the key secret of: «open sesame» in order to get into another world of
ideas, for each language is a world full of riches of unknown value symbolized by
the wisdom of its people. As a matter of faet, wnen one eiitieizes a language it's
beeause he doesn't know it.

Angola, from where this book is edited, is a country with several ethnic
groups, and their idioms are recognized as «National Languages», which benefit
of coverage from a Radio channel ealled «Ngola Yeto» [Our Angola]. However,



24



they are only transmitters of oral traditions as they are still much less developped
in writing. Nevertheless, these traditions are considered as the substratum linking
the past and the present in the history of Angolan people, in particular, and of
the African people, in general.

There is consequently a great need to promote the development of national
languages for the conservation of the culture of the present in order to eany it
over to the future. The introduction of these languages by the Government in the
primary school, even based on experience, is an encouraging step that must be
followed up by Angolan writers or other schoiars in order to assure to the natives
their plaee of guardians of their culture and history.

The project of this book was based, first of all, on gathering various Kikongo
proverbs in 1970 from eommunities and people in diverse circumstances of soeial
life such as deaths, weddings, births, politieal and religious meetings, soeio-eultu-
ral events, books, magazines, national conferences and seminars, and by the for-
mulation of other proverbs of my own experience as an educator. But in 1972,
some of my politieal eolleagues deeided to falsely aeeuse me, witnout any proof,
directing against me the wheel of the Angolan Revolution, which I have already
served for 17 years. However, at the same time, we leamed how the truth knows
to eonfound the detractors or defamers. I, as an aeeused, asked to be judged but I
was refused this favour, and the people who asked it on my behalf were answe-
red «to judge Kunzika is to judge the Angolan Revolution», this was true beeause
they didn't have any proof against me, and their true intention was: «to elimina-
te the chief and the people would be scattered» or as it is written in Matthew
26:31: «1 will sttike the shepherd and the sheep of the floek will be scattered». In
Kikongo, we say «Lwakila mbuta, nkangu wamwangana». As a result of that
machination, I was deprived of my materials aeeumulated for the history of
Angola. As did the former French King Francois I to his mother after losing a war,
I said to my wife and sons: «AU is lost exeept the honour». As a matter of faet, I
lost everything but my honour was preserved.

After returning to Angola, I was encouraged by my wife, Mrs Donna Ludlia
Sadi Kunzika and my son, Jose Kunzika, who knew about my projects of wnting
books on the Angolan Revolution, proverbs, Afiiean folktales and fables. My son
furnished me books and essays with a eompilation of proverbs in French, Portu-
guese, English and Lingala, as he was inspired to follow my footsteps. His contri-
bution helped to sustain my efforts. Moreover, my sisters-in-law, Mrs. Molley
Sadi Miguel and Mrs. Graca Sadi Dinis, provided me posthumous manuscripts of
their father and also my father-in-law, Mr. Pedro Sadi, former Secretary of the
B.M.S [Baptist Mission Soeiety] Quibocolo-Angola, referring to some events of
the stmggle against the Portuguese eolonial regime in the year 1914 by the natio-
nalist leaders Alvaro Buta and Mbianda Ngunga, that he heard from his father
and other contemporary nationalists of his father. These manuscripts had also
some details on Angolan Liberation Stniggle from 1961 to 1973, from which he
suffered in his flesh and spirit, but he managed to give ftnally the best of tumself,
after having bitterly witnessed the destruction by bombardment of all mission of
Quibocolo, ineluding its church built totally with stones.

This book needed «Mecenas» from which denved the ways and dynamie means,
I have received from many individuals and some institutions in transforming the



25



project into this book. I am humbly toudied and wishful to aeknowledge their assis-
tanee. As a matter of faet the project was introduced and presented to the Ministry
of Edueation and of Culture. Despite of being appreciated, it did not get a concrete
result until it eamed finaneial support in its initial phase from «ENSA-ANGOLA»,
which saved it from its subsequent state of inanition. After meeting with the eonfi-
denee of the Deputy Minister of Edueation Dr. Mpinda Simao, the project was then
presented to the consideration of «HYDRO-ANGOLA», which aeeepted to support its
editing process, made possible by Nzila Editions through its Literary & Director Dr.
Arlindo Isabel.

We consider this to be the ways these National Enteipnses and other people
empatluze to eontnbute to the development of the country. On my behalf and in
the name of those who would benefit the ideas of this Dictionary, I give my cor-
dial thanks to both Enterprises and other individuals who made everything possi-
ble to transform the project into a book that would etiange those readers who
would profit from it, and be able to open us to the treasures that also would
transform us from within and without.

This Book has also a didaetie ineentive aimed mainly to assist the youth from
this generation to the future ones. So this book tends to offer an awesome ineen-
tive based on the following premise and adviee: «Train a child in the way he
should go, and when he is old he will not turn from it». [Proverbs 22:6],

Try and you will prove the truth of that is said in this book.

Emanuel Kunzika
Barcelona February 2nd 2008



26



COMO LER ESTE DlCIONARIO



Estes proverbios sao introduzidos em Kikongo listados por ordem alfabe-
tka. As equivalentes e respectivas traducdes sao dadas eomo se segue: Poitugues,
F
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